Wormholes and Space Travel

Wormholes and Space Travel Space travel through wormholes sounds like quite an interesting idea. Who wouldnt like to have the technology to hop in a ship, find the nearest wormhole and travel to distant places in a short time? It would make space travel so easy!   Of course, the idea pops up in science-fiction movies and books all the time. These tunnels in space-time supposedly allow characters to move through space and time in a heartbeat, and the characters dont have to worry about physics. Are wormholes real?   Or are they only literary devices to keep science-fiction plots moving along. If they do exist, whats the scientific explanation behind them? The answer could be a little of each. However, they are a direct consequence of general relativity, the theory first developed by Albert Einstein early in the 20th century. However, that doesnt necessarily mean that they exist or that people can travel through them in spaceships. To understand why theyre even an idea for space travel, its important to know a little about the science that might explain them. What are Wormholes? A wormhole is supposed to be a way to transit through space-time that connects two distant points in space. Some examples from popular fiction and movies include the movie Interstellar, where the characters used wormholes as portals to distant parts of the galaxy. However, there is no observational evidence that they exist and theres no empirical proof that they arent out there somewhere.   The trick is to find them and then figure out how they work.   One way for a stable wormhole to exist is for it to be created and supported by some kind of exotic material. Easily said, but whats exotic material? What special property does it need to have to make wormholes? Theoretically speaking, such wormhole stuff   has to have negative mass. Thats just what it sounds like: matter that has a negative value, rather than regular matter, which has a positive value. Its also something scientists have never seen. Now, it is possible for wormholes to spontaneously pop into existence using this exotic matter. But, theres another problem. There would be nothing to support them, so they would instantaneously collapse back in on themselves. Not so great for any ship that happens to be passing through at the time.   Black Holes and Wormholes So, if spontaneous wormholes arent workable, is there another way to create them? Theoretically yes, and we have black holes to thank for that. They are involved in a phenomenon known as an Einstein-Rosen bridge. Its essentially a wormhole created due to the immense warping of space-time by the effects of a black hole. Specifically, it has to be a Schwarzschild black hole, one that has a static (unchanging) amount of mass, doesnt rotate, and has no electrical charge. So, how would that work? Essentially as light falls into the black hole, it would pass through a wormhole and escape out the other side, through an object known as a white hole. A white hole is similar to a black hole but instead of sucking material in, it repels material away. Light would be accelerated away from a white holes   exit portal at, well, the  speed of light, making it a bright object, hence the term white hole.   Of course, reality bites here: it would be impractical to even attempt to pass through the wormhole to begin with. Thats because the passage would require falling into a black hole, which is a remarkably lethal experience. Anything passing the event horizon would be stretched and crushed, which includes living beings. To put it simply, there is no way to survive such a trip. The Kerr Singularity and Traversable Wormholes There is yet another situation in which a wormhole might arise, from something called a Kerr black hole. It would look quite different than a normal point singularity that is what astronomers think make up black holes. A Kerr black hole would orient itself in a ring formation, effectively balancing the immense gravitational force with the rotational inertia of the singularity. Since the black hole is empty in the middle it could be possible to pass through that point. The warping of space-time in the middle of the ring could act as a wormhole, allowing travelers to pass through to another point in space. Perhaps on the far side of the universe, or in a different universe all together. Kerr singularities have a distinct advantage over other proposed wormholes as they dont require the existence and use of exotic negative mass in order to keep them stable. However, they havent yet been observed, only theorized.   Could We Someday Use Wormholes? Putting aside the technical aspects of wormhole mechanics, there are also some hard physical truths about these objects. Even if they do exist, it is difficult to say if people could ever learn to manipulate them. Plus, humanity really doesnt even have starships yet, so figuring out ways to use wormholes to travel is really putting the cart before the horse.   There is also the obvious question of safety. At this point,  no one knows exactly what to expect inside a wormhole. Nor do we know exactly WHERE a wormhole could send a ship. It could be in our own galaxy, or perhaps somewhere else in the very distant universe. Also, heres something to chew on.   If a wormhole took a ship from our galaxy to another one billions of light-years away, theres a whole question of time to consider. Does the wormhole transport instantaneously? If so, WHEN do we arrive in the distant shore? Does the trip ignore the expansion of space-time?   So while it may certainly be possible for wormholes to exist and function as portals across the universe, it is considerably less likely that people will ever be able to find a way to use them. The physics just dont work out. Yet.   Edited and updated by Carolyn Collins Petersen

Compare And Contrast Microsoft Dos With Unix essays

Compare And Contrast Microsoft Dos With Unix essays Compare And Contrast Microsoft Dos With Unix Compare and Contrast Microsoft DOS with UNIX Arthur Bennis Microcomputer Operating Systems CGS 1560 INTRODUCTION As is suggestive of its name, an operating system (OS) is a collection of programs that operate the personal computer (PC). Its primary purpose is to support programs that actually do the work one is interested in, and to allow competing programs to share the resources of the computer. However, the OS also controls the inner workings of the computer, acting as a traffic manager, which controls the flow of data through the system and initiates the starting and stopping processes, and as a means through which software can access the hardware and system software. In addition, it provides routines for device control, provides for the management, scheduling and interaction of tasks, and maintains system integrity. It also provides a facility called the user interface, which issues commands to the system software. Utilities are provided for managing files and documents created by users, development of programs and software, communicating between users with other computer systems and managing user requirements for programs, storage space and priority. There are a number of different types of operating systems with varying degrees of complexity. A system such as DOS can be relatively simple and minimalist, while others, like UNIX, can be somewhat more complicated. Some systems run only a single process at a time (DOS), while other systems run multiple processes at once (UNIX). In reality, it is not possible for a single processor to run multiple processes simultaneously. The processor of the computer runs one process for a short period of time, then is switched to the next process and so on. As the processor executes millions of instructions per second, ...

Education, Globalization, And Social Change Essay - 1

Education, Globalization, And Social Change - Essay Example Equity and excellence are coincident and should be part of one educational agenda rather than being considered to be of different pursuits (Assessment Reform Group, 2006). Another factor that shapes educational assessment is increased public demand for accountability, which should be observed every day in multiple forms especially, in the media, public and political discussions about the need to improve the educational system (Assessment Reform Group, 2006). The focus on the value-added approaches to the evaluation of programs, schools, and quality of teachers is inclusive in the assessment on the community as an obvious manifestation of demand for accountability. In essence, the use of value-added approach as a way to access how systems are doing and holding entities accountable has become subject to discussion among people, politicians and education professionals (Atkinson and Claxton 2000). This ensures that almost all states have compulsory achievement tests, which are placed at multiple grade levels in the post of the subjects and are required to have such tests under current legislation with regard to the state in, which the education system is b eing practiced (Barnes 2010). In the United Kingdom, for instance, the incidence of children with autism has significantly increased over the past decade and recent prevalence has estimated that approximately one percent of the population is affected, with various reports indicating the estimation of an increase of the autism in different parts of the United Kingdom(Atkinson and Claxton 2000). However, autism is no longer viewed as a rare disorder but has made bigger the needs of education to the children and young people in reference to their areas.

Copyright in digital media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Copyright in digital media - Essay Example The 1998 Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) embodies the legislative shift from treating various products as public resources to seeing them as corporate assets (Wright 83). DMCA was designed to give corporate content producers, â€Å"global protection from piracy in a digital age† (Wright 83). Different viewpoints on the ideology and goals of copyright laws are embedded in the history of copyright protection. Some support it for the interest of owners and publishers/producers, others oppose it because it breaches the First Amendment and lacks consideration for diverse stakeholders, while several people offer alterative ideologies and licensing solutions. For Tighter Regulations and Implementation of Copyright in Digital Media Chloe Albanesius writes for PC Magazine and she reports an example of implementation of copyright laws in the Internet. She describes the agreement between ISPs and content companies: â€Å"Do you subscribe to HBO or did you illegally download [a T V episode]? If it's the latter, you might find yourself in receipt of a warning from your ISP, thanks to a new agreement between Hollywood studios and service providers.† She notes that ISPs and media firms believe that with the help of one another, they can stop illegal sharing online. Furthermore, Albanesius illustrates how their collaboration works through the â€Å"Copyright Alert System.† Several warning stages are present in this system: Going forward, users will get a notice if they are suspected of illegal downloading. If they ignore that message, the ISP might resort to pop-ups or redirecting to special Web sites that display the alert. If those too are ignored, the ISP will turn to â€Å"mitigation measures,† which could include throttling or permanent re-direction to a warning landing page until contact is established. (Albanesius) The system aims to protect copyright through several security layers. Albanesius depicts how ISPs and content owners work together for a tighter implementation of copyright laws. The strengths of Albanesius’ article are her specific example of copyright implementation and the description of the role of ISPs in copyright law, while its main weakness is not interviewing Internet consumers and their reactions to the â€Å"Copyright Alert System.† Albanesius provides a specific example of copyright implementation, which concretizes the actions that the government and ISPs are taking to protect copyright owners. By describing how â€Å"Copyright Alert System† works, including its limitations, she fully explains it to Internet users. Moreover, Albanesius illustrates the role of ISPs in copyright law. ISPs have a large role to play in ensuring that copyright law is applied in the digital sphere (Albanesius). Their support is critical to the effectiveness of these laws (Albanesius). Despite these strengths, Albanesius does not interview other stakeholders. Her article does not have intervi ews with Internet consumers, and so readers will not know their reactions to the â€Å"Copyright Alert System.† Readers will not know how users, especially those involved in accessing P2P sharing websites, feel about this system. Without user feedback, it will be hard to know if they follow copyright laws or not. Albanesius’s article enlightened readers about the actual implementation of

The !Kung Bushmen of the Kalahari Desert Essay Example for Free

The !Kung Bushmen of the Kalahari Desert Essay The !Kung Bushmen of Botswana inhabit the semi-arid northwest region of the Kalahari Desert. Their average annual rainfall is poor, only six to nine inches a year. Field work for this article written by Richard B. Lee, was done in the Dobe area, which is a line of eight permanent waterholes. The Dobe area has a population of 466 Bushmen. This includes 379 permanent residents living in independent camps or associated with Bantu cattle posts, as well as 87 seasonal visitors. The Bushmen living in independent camps lack firearms, livestock, and agriculture. The !Kung are entirely dependent upon hunting and gathering for subsistence. Although Dobe-area !Kung have had some contact with outsiders since the 1880s, the majority of them continue to hunt and gather because there is no viable alternatives locally available to them. During the dry season (May-October) the entire population is clustered around the water wells. There are camps around each well, which is an open aggregate of cooperating persons which changes in size and composition from day to day. The members move out each day to hunt and gather, and return in the evening to pool the collected foods in such a way that every person present receives an equitable share. Vegetable foods comprise from 60 to 80 percent of the total diet by weight, and collecting involves two or three days of work per woman per week. The major contribution of the male bushmen to their diet is the hunting of medium and large game. Although mens and womens work input is roughly equivalent in terms of man/day of effort, the women provide two to three times as much food by weight as the men. For the greater part of the year, food is plentiful and easily collected. Although during the end of the dry season people have to hike farther for food, the food still remains constant. The most important food is the mongongo nut. This nut accounts for 50 percent of the vegetable diet by weight. Although tens of thousands of pounds of these nuts are eaten every year, thousands more are left on the ground to rot. Also, a diet based on mongongo nut is more beneficial health-wise as cereal crops such as maize or rice. In addition to the mongongo, the Bushmen have available eighty-four other species of fruits, berries, and melons, and another thirty species of roots and bulbs. There are 54 species of animals classified as edible by the Bushmen, but only 17 species were hunted on a regular basis. All of the !Kungs food supply can be obtained in a six-mile radius of camp, and usually takes a full day to travel the twelve mile round-trip. The !Kung Bushmen of the Dobe area live a long productive, and seemingly satisfying lives. Longevity compares favorably to any industrialized society. The old people are fed and cared for by their children and grandchildren. The old people are also actively involved indecision making and ritual curing. Young people are not expected to provide food regularly until they are married. Girls usually marry between the ages of fifteen and twenty, and boys about five years later. It is not unusual to find healthy, active teenagers visiting from camp to camp while their older relatives provide food for them. The people in the age group of twenty to sixty support the nonproductive and old. These productive members work about two and a half days a week, about twelve to nineteen hours a week to get food. A woman gathers enough food in one day to feed her family for three days, and spends the rest of the time relaxing and enjoying her leisure time. The men hunt for a week and then do nothing for two or three weeks and spend their leisure time visiting and dancing. In a camp with five or more hunters, two or three are actively hunting while others are inactive. The amount and the type of food the !Kung hunt and gather is sufficient enough calorie-wise to supply all the nutrients required for good health.

Relationships Essay -- essays research papers

Interpersonal relationships define us. When we are fortunate enough to experience a loving relationship, we achieve positive characteristics such as security and confidence. Conversely, when we experience negative relationships, we become withdrawn, guarded, and wary of engaging in future relationships. However, it is this wariness that causes us to examine our contribution to the relationship to make the next one, or current one, more successful. In essence, it is not just the good or bad relationships that make us who we are, but also what we learn about ourselves from them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Relationships take a great deal of work to be successful, and there are no guarantees that they will be. In his film, Leo Buscaglia, discusses the importance of relationships. Since every individual is unique, it takes continued effort from both parties to effectively understand each other. It is, after all, as Leo said, â€Å"There is no right person; we become the right person†. He also suggests that vulnerability is equally as important as understanding the other person. It is the â€Å"art of letting things happen† – we, as individuals, need to be open to being hurt - because the future is unpredictable, but be entitled to the joys as well. Paul Simon once wrote a song entitled â€Å"I am a Rock†, in which he concludes his song by saying â€Å"I am A Rock, I am and island. And a rock feels no pain; And an island never cries.† This communicates that interpersonal bonds, or relationsh...

Physics And Engineering In I.T. Power Management Essay

The cost of energy continues to increase with shrinking in corporate budgets and need for more energy input. At times like this, even IT industry is affected and the stakeholders are starting to look for new ways of cutting down the cost as they keep the quality of work high and efficiency maximized. Implementation of a good energy policy in an organization’s premises can lead to reduced costs of ICT infrastructural costs in terms of capital required in setting up servers and cooling systems. If the right energy saving and proper utilization habits are adopted and effective construction and installation ideas implemented in natural air flow optimization and proper heat insulation can lead to less cooling facilities requirements, cutting on costs (Greenguard, 2009). Efforts of energy conservation in IT infrastructure have been initiated through: †¢ Technologies like PoE (Power over internet) and midspans; this is a technology that enables gadgets like phones to receive power together with data through the Ethernet connection. Midspans are stand alone gadgets that are used to interface the Ethernet switch with the power sources for optimized power distribution to the ports as required. †¢ Implementation of Smart energy and lighting technology in huge company premises with many workers using ICT equipments. †¢ Efforts of IEEE-the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, to set standards for manufacturers of electronic and electrical gadgets (IEEE 802. 3-at) to ensure optimized energy utilization at the design level. †¢ IT technology in energy auditing and virtualization of power management †¢ Use of Integrated circuits (ICs) to control magnetic and pulse width modulators for external power connection in devices. †¢ Use of Power Source Equipment (PSE) and Power Devices (PD) in network classification during powering of new connections to ensure only PoE connections are powered in wireless and telecom devices. Electrical Power With the introduction of Power over Ethernet (PoE), many electronic devices that work in direct connection with computers through Ethernet cables have shifted from use of external power cables to reception of power together with data on the Ethernet connection. The (IEEE) has established some standards (IEEE 802. 3-at) for such technology, contributing to encouraging the manufactures of electrical and electronic products to contribute in efforts of making ICT infrastructure environment friendly, through less energy consumption. This is a strategy which if adopted can lead to very improved efficiency in power delivery in devices’ interconnection. The manufacturers of such devices, for example Texas Instruments’, are manufacturing devices with power capabilities of choosing either to use PoE or switch to standard mode when the option is not available. This is in the effort to become compliant with the IEEE 802. 3-at. Even when PoE is a better option than external cables, a more detailed power saving strategy can be applied through use of midspans, which interface the switches with power sources, injecting power to the ports using way much better technology and hence more efficient. Such consciousness is needed in order to contribute to the overall infrastructure. According to (Conner, 2008), for the manufacturers of the gadgets, the design of PoE can contribute to making of smaller boards and reduce the cost of inputs on large scale. The technology shift there in the physics of electronic gadgets is the replacement of impedance power reduction through dissipation with the magnetic and switching methods in pulse width modulators, controlled through ICs. In efforts to increase power efficiency, the cost of production is also bound to reduce in the long run. The application of PSEs and PDs in network in power control centers gives an option to do power budgets and determine the proper management strategies to be applied. These are such refined levels of control that give the way to streamline and generally control power use. With the current state of globalization in online business, the ICT infrastructure has grown to very complex networks, especially with emergent of mobile devices. Power systems for these networks are as huge as the extents of the networks while management is done manually at physical points of contact. The samples provided in the cases of Highmark and the University of Minnesota (Greenguard, 2009) form a small part of the global business ICT infrastructure that interact with the environment. Educating people/employees A huge effort should go to changing the habits of power use in a working environment. The employees can too contribute to the efforts of a greener ICT infrastructure by ensuring proper use of power. Switching off devices when not in use can help accumulate huge power savings with time. This is not a common thing in most IT departments and will take the initiative of the management to organist fro training of the power users on good use of energy sources. When organization becomes too huge with thousands of employees, energy efficiency becomes a major issue. Such a high number of users of the infrastructure can accumulate a high energy demand and proper management for cost effective and sustainable operation. An example of such a firm is the Highmark with 11000 employees. Energy Computations and Software Virtualization Right from the Physics hardware, the availability of interfacing in ports control to enable remote power on and power off (Ronen, 2009) in PoE makes complex networks manageable. In the Highmark case the Company strategized on extra careful management method on using software technology like energy auditing tools and virtualization as well as new technology in smart energy and lighting systems (Greenguard, 2009). According to the report, there has been increase in need for organizations to use power consuming ICT infrastructure with new technologies to do business as compared to the traditional methods. This has led to ratings of about â€Å"61 billion kilowatt-hours in 2006† by data centers (Greenguard, 2009). The figures could even increase with more ICT use, alarming the corporate to strategize on conservation and efficiency. Owing to this, there have been numerous instances of application of IT solution in power management. Highmark installed a system for collecting rain water and using it in a datacenter cooling system and virtualized the servers to monitor PC usage by employees. This strategy helped adopt the method of remote powering down of equipment not in use, to minimize wastage. The company consulted with IBM to do computations of server spacing for maximum utilization of cooling systems. It appears clearly that many organizations have massive equipments powered up even when not in use because of poor management policy. From these results, it is important to carry each of these computation and software analysis methods with weigh while considering efforts to manage such massive data infrastructures. In many cases, the companies rely on employees to be reliable in implementing the energy conservation policies but even that cannot be enough. If software methods are used to monitor use of powered resources and power them down remotely, a great deal of energy could be saved. A perfect example here is the IT organization of the University of Minnesota which could â€Å"switch off about 25,000 devices each night† (Greenguard, 2009). Conclusion The IT infrastructure comprises of billions of gadgets that use electrical power to operate and network equipment to keep them connected. Power consumption is therefore starts from a single device’s design and connection to the system and spans to the networking level. The physical electronic power consumption can be managed and through standardization methods such as those by IEEE. It is at such low levels that interaction with the environment can be analyzed and energy consumption optimized. The physical arrangement of power consuming data facilities is also of significance importance as clogging them closely together reduces the ability of natural air flow to take care of cooling done by electrical motors in fans. The relationship between IT and these physical sciences is so direct when it comes to practical application fields. The application of software power computation, management and control also helps ICT fit into the practical idea of conservation and greener infrastructure. From the cases analyzed, there is enough evidence that application of technology from the physics and engineering of devices and systems, software tools and ICT infrastructure can be managed in away that can lead to more environment friendly use. References Conner, M. (2008). PoE for high-powered applications. Electronics Weekly, (2263), 18 Retrieved from: http://search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true&db=cph&AN=36122010&loginpage=Login. asp&site=ehost-live Sani Ronen, (2009) Midspans for next-gen PoE,An inside look at technologies and standards, Tech update, Available: www. networkworld. com Samuel Greengard, (2009), Building an Energy-Efficient IT Infrastructure, Baseline Magazine Available: http://www. baselinemag. com

Robot Palletizing

PROC teach_drop() MoveJ drop_pt,v1000,fine,tool0; ENDPROC PROC open_gripper() Reset do1; WaitTime 0. 5; ENDPROC QuickTeach software- Creating and calling a subroutine by passing parameter/s to it A. Select â€Å"Routines† from the â€Å"VIEW† top menu keys 1. Cursor to the new subroutine 2. Select â€Å"Decl† (Declaration) from the bottom function keys 3. Select â€Å"Jump† key to switch to bottom half of the page 4. Select â€Å"new† to create a new parameter for subroutine 5. Select â€Å"Right† arrow key to â€Å"Param1† 6. Select â€Å"Text† from the bottom function keys 7. Type the variable name â€Å"y† Repeat the steps 4-7 for more parameters B.Call and set the for the subroutine 1. Select â€Å"ProcCall† and select the subroutine 2. Type or select the variable name. 3. Type â€Å"y† 4. Select â€Å"ok† 5. The result is â€Å"Routine1 y†. Selection buttons and instructions Selecting a nu mber of instructions: Robotic Envelop and Bill of Material (BOM) Bill Of Material ITEM QTY DESCRIPTION REMARKS PPNP unit 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 1 10 1 1 1 1 2 ABB IRB 1400 Robot manipulator S4 Controller Pallet Output conveyor In feed conveyor Spring Stand Pneumatic PNP unit PLC unit Allen Bradley & OMRON PLC Part Pick 2 x10 matrixUse only top view of the cell Do not label the components in the drawing itself 8 ABB Rapid new instructions TPWRITE â€Å"Remarks† Type in message to display on the teach pendant for the operator. TPERASE Clear the screen of the teach pendant. Case Study – 2 dimensional palletizing Write a 2Ãâ€"3 palletizing program for the ABB robot. The robot will pick up parts from the conveyor belt and place them on the packaging tray. a) Sketch the layout of the application. (Include the robot, robot envelope, pallet, conveyors, other components. b) Sketch the Program Routine Layouts c) Write the program Specifications: The tray is arranged into 10 columns (7 6. 2 mm in x direction) and 2 rows (50. 8 mm between in y direction) Subroutine names:Main, Home, Pick, Pallet, Open_gripper, Close_ gripper, and the Teach_Drop ABB Rapid – Case Study PROC MAIN() ! MAIN routine – Layer 1 ! Clear the Teach Pendant screen TPERASE; ! Display message on the Teach Pendant TPWrite; â€Å" 2 x 3 Palletizing program† ! Declare VARIABLES rows := 2; columns := 3; ! Program Logic MoveJ Home, V1000, Z50, T1; WaitTime 0. ; Pallet; MoveJ Home, V1000, Z50, T1; ENDPROC Nested â€Å"FOR† loop PROC Pallet() ! Palletizing routine – Layer 2 ! y is in the inner loop and x is in the outer loop FOR x FROM 0 TO rows-1 STEP1 DO FOR y FROM 0 TO columns-1 STEP1 DO PICKUP; MoveJ Offs(droppt, x*76. 2, y*50. 8, 50),v1000,fine,tool0; MoveLOffs(droppt, x*76. 2, y*50. 8, 0),v1000,fine,tool0; opengripper; MoveL Offs(droppt, x*76. 2, y*50. 8, 50),v1000,fine,tool0; ENDFOR ENDFOR Adding TPReadFK instruction TPReadFK (TPRead Function Keys) – whe n the robot waits for an operator input.TPReadFK Variable,â€Å" â€Å",†1†³,†2†³,†3†, â€Å"4†,†5†³; Variable value – depends on the pressed function Key. The variable will be assigned with the value 1 to 5. † First quotationâ€Å" – Blank â€Å"1† – Replace 1 with the preferred text. ( Same for â€Å"2†,†3†³, â€Å"4†, and â€Å"5â€Å") Use the Variable as a condition for the IF†¦ Else IF.. condition 2-dimensional palletizing with TPReadFK ! MAIN subroutine – Layer 1 PROC MAIN() ! Display message on the Teach Pendant TPERASE; TPWrite â€Å" Palletizing program†; ! Declare VARIABLES ! Rows:=2; Cols:=3; !User define Pallet Matrix subroutine usr_def; ! Program Logic Home; ! WaitDi di7,1; (Next semester) WaitTime 0. 5; Palletize; Home; WaitTime 1; ENDPROC ! User defined Pallet Matrix subroutine PROC usr_def() TPErase; TPReadFK User_IN,â€Å" â€Å", †1Ãâ€"2†³,†2Ãâ€"3†³,†2Ãâ€"4†,â€Å" â€Å",â€Å" â€Å"; IF User_IN =1 THEN Rows:=1; Cols:=2; ELSEIF User_IN =2 THEN Rows:=2; Cols:=3; ELSEIF User_IN =3 THEN Rows:=2; Cols:=4; ENDIF ENDPROC TPReadFK in QuickTeach software Select IPL1 select #7 Communicate. Then create the TPReadFK instruction. Highlight the variable name and select the Enter key.Type the variable name Skip first quotation by selecting the â€Å"Next† function key. Then select the â€Å"Text† function key to type â€Å"1X2†. Repeat the steps for â€Å"2 x 3† and â€Å"2 x 2 x 2† matrix or any other matrix you want. Below the TPReadFK instruction, create the If-ThenElse instruction. TPReadFK in QuickTeach software cont’d.. Else IF Instruction Select IPL1 Select the IF instruction. Highlight the entire instruction Select enter key From the function keys, select ADD Select ELSE IF to create the instruction, then select OK. Case study â⠂¬â€œ 3D palletizing

Simone dE Beauvoir essays

Simone dE Beauvoir essays Reader Response: Simone De Beauvoir Women: Myth and Reality The essay Woman: Myth and Reality, written by Simone De Beauvoir, in my understanding, provides an excuse as to why men believe women are not equal to them. The concept of the Eternal Feminine myth has no basis or concrete grounds for existence. Women are said to be mysterious because they are not like man. Is this because we do not look like men? If so, then the reasoning would be considered ridiculous. I believe the anatomical structures of a woman and man hold no relevance as to why women were and still are treated as the subordinate sex. However, women too have helped the myth of the Eternal Feminine grow. In her essay Simone De Beauvoir mentions how women are seen as the Other human sex. In connection to that she also writes about the story of the master and the slave. The story is significant because it points out how both the slave and woman are called the Other, leaving man with the title master. The irony of the story is how man is the master, who rules over woman, who in turn has been lowered to the level of the slave. The sad thing is that women over the years have played into the myth of women and the Other. We, in essence, have dug our own hole and are now trying effortlessly to climb out and take our place as an equal being to man. In my own personal view, women are not entirely sure of what they want. Women have strived to prove they can live in a mans world but have held back because they are afraid of losing their femininity. This makes the myth only stronger. As Jacobus says, Women who accept the myth will manipulate men for their own purposes by trading on that myth, but in the process they will lose their individual nature (pp. 818). Accepting the Eternal Feminine myth will only cause women to lose themsel ...

Simple Fâcher Verb Conjugations in French

Simple Fà ¢cher Verb Conjugations in French The French verb  fà ¢cher  means to make angry. Its a rather fun word and shouldnt be too difficult to remember. When you want to say made angry or is angering, a verb conjugation is necessary. A quick French lesson will show you how thats done. Conjugating the French Verb  Fà ¢cher Fà ¢cher  is a  regular -ER verb. It follows the most common verb conjugation pattern in the French language. What that means for you is that you can apply the endings you learn here to similar verbs like  admirer  (to admire) and  blesser  (to hurt). To change  fà ¢cher  to the present, future, or imperfect past tense, pair the subject pronoun with the proper tense. The table demonstrates which verb ending is added to the stem  fà ¢ch-. For instance, I am angry is je fà ¢che while we will be angry is nous fà ¢cherons. Admittedly, to make angry is not the easiest English conjugation, so you need to do some interpretation within the translation itself. Subject Present Future Imperfect je fche fcherai fchais tu fches fcheras fchais il fche fchera fchait nous fchons fcherons fchions vous fchez fcherez fchiez ils fchent fcheront fchaient The Present Participle of  Fà ¢cher The  present participle  of fà ¢cher  is  fà ¢chant. This is done by adding -ant  to the verb stem. Not only is this a verb, it can also become an adjective, gerund, or noun when needed. The Past Participle and Passà © Composà © The  passà © composà ©Ã‚  is a common form of the past tense was angry in French. To construct it, begin by conjugating the  auxiliary verb  avoir  to fit the subject pronoun, then attach the  past participle  fà ¢chà ©. As an example, I was angry becomes jai fà ¢chà © and we were angry is nous avons fà ¢chà ©. More Simple Fà ¢cher Conjugations to Learn There are a few more simple verb conjugations you may encounter with  fà ¢cher. However, the present, future, and past tenses should be your first focus of study. The subjunctive and conditional verb moods each imply that the verbs action is not guaranteed. Each has a slightly different meaning, but in some way express a question to the act of becoming angry. In rare instances, you will come across either the passà © simple or imperfect subjunctive. These are most often found in formal French writing, so you should be able to at least recognize them as a form of  fà ¢cher. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je fche fcherais fchai fchasse tu fches fcherais fchas fchasses il fche fcherait fcha fcht nous fchions fcherions fchmes fchassions vous fchiez fcheriez fchtes fchassiez ils fchent fcheraient fchrent fchassent The imperative verb form may be extremely useful with  fà ¢cher  because its used in short and assertive commands like, Dont make me angry! (Ne me fà ¢che pas !). When using it, theres no need to include the subject pronoun: use fà ¢che rather than tu  fà ¢che. Subject Imperative (tu) fche (nous) fchons (vous) fchez

How Businesses Use Learning & Memory to Affect Consumers Essay

How Businesses Use Learning & Memory to Affect Consumers - Essay Example If we look at the apple, you can directly say that it means high quality and luxury of computers, if we say it is Mercedes luxury cars and sports cars BMW means (Natale 2007 45-52). Those traders have learned to their brand, successfully using touch system and stimulus. They may even offer its popular brand for rent to other companies that are not brand ill bred with the negative image. Discussion Businesses are usually relatively little power to use punishment or negative reinforcement. However, parking meters often used to prevent consumers from taking valuable parking space and manufacturers may void your warranty if consumers take their product to unauthorized repair facility (Watkins 2006 294-303). Several factors influence effectiveness of operant learning. In general, more time effects of behavior, especially. In other words, power companies will be more likely to encourage consumers to use less electricity at peak times, when consumers actually have to pay when they used elec tricity (e.g. - slot), but not at end of month. Learning is also more likely to occur when the person can between behavior and consequences (but learning can occur even if link is not aware). Another problem is that building programs and extinction. Extinction occurs when behavior continues to have the impact on behavior and then eventually stops happening. For example, if the passenger finds that scream at check -in staff did not receive its upgrade to first class, it is likely to stop this behavior. Sometimes the person is rewarded each time you run behavior (e.g., consumer receives the non- alcoholic beverage whenever coins were introduced machine). Nevertheless, it is not necessary for learning time occurs. Even rewarded only from time to time, behavior can be studied. Several building programs are available: Fixed interval, consumer gets the free dessert every Tuesday, when he or she eats at the certain restaurant. Fixed ratio: behavior is rewarded (or punished) for each nth ti me it is performed. (For example, every tenth loyalty presented supplied free). Variable ratio: Each time the action is performed, there is some chance that be given. For example, each time user enters store, he or she receives the lottery ticket. With each ticket, there is the 20% chance to get the free burger. Consumers can get the free burger twice, or he or she can go ten times without getting the hamburger once. Variable Reinforcement Is Least Vulnerable To Extinction Sometimes training may be necessary to teach consumer desired behavior. In other words, it may be possible to directly teach consumers to adopt desired behavior. For example, user can first get the good free product (product itself, if it is good, it is the reward), then buy with the large cents off coupon, and finally buy at high prices. Thus, we are strengthening approaches desired behavior. Instead of introducing Coca -Cola directly in Indonesia, fruit soft drinks were introduced because they were more like dri nks are consumed (Anderson & Farkas 2003 88-93). Consumer does not always have to go through learning process itself; sometimes it can be learned by observing consequences of others. For example, stores can make the big deal out of bullpen continued shop is not so much because they want to stop this behavior among those who were, and to discourage behaviors in others? In addition, viewers can identify with characters in advertising that

Violence in Video Games Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Violence in Video Games - Essay Example Games today are much more sophisticated. Realism, drama and storylines have been integrated so beautifully that gamers today tend to forget their surroundings when they sit in front of their play-stations of X-boxes. To bring about this reality in games to today, creators have succeeded in creating very true images and animations of the laws of physics in games. I mean, shoot someone in the head and not only does blood spray out and backwards from the place the bullet hit the head, but the head even jerks backwards with the force of the bullet. Fantastic! Still there are those who say that this realism is creating a negative impact on our children and should be banned. So in this paper, this dilemma will be proved wrong by common sense and cool logic. The nature of a game is to take you far away from the real world. It is about going somewhere where you can only be in your dreams, only this dream is in your hands. The main purpose of games has always been to finish off your rivals and get to the top. In the early stages it only used to be someone falling off a cliff or an invisible barrier because graphic technologies could not support anything greater than that. Not though realism can be shown. Gamers can really "feel" the game. So the games of today really haven't changed. If anything, they have become better for people who play them. Critics say that there is too much violence in games. Really So George Bush bombing the world without any valid reasons and news channels showing it all live on TV isn't Israelis butchering Palestinians in front of their family is soothing Movies showing the hero shooting the bad guy in the face are something to be encouraged By the logic of all those against violence in video games, all this shou ld be banned too. All news channels, movies and anything even hinting at a "negative" thought should be banned then. Even food programs should be shut down because they cook dead animals in it which could be disturbing to younger viewers. This is all a prime example of extremism. The world sees as most Muslims being extremists just because they try to protect their faith from harm and when the real definition of extremism is shouting them in the face they are twisting it towards "social issues". Toulmin's Argumentation model Now let's look at things a little more theoretically. What is coming up is my point of view explained by Toulmin's model of argument. Claim: Video games do not spread violence. They are a form of entertainment and only used as a relaxation source for children and adults of all ages. Support: video games have not changed in their basic levels. This is because you always have one basic mission. Find and kill the bad guy. Furthermore, gamers know the difference between reality and the game's fantasy. This is because they are exposed to a lot of real live violence and they see and digest actions of their family and the world of how everyone is despising those people who injure other people or any incident of loss of human life. Speculations of people thinking that a child might become un-sentimental and lose the value of human life will then not hold true if the child learns that he is not supposed to learn from the game, but rather from reality itself. Warrant: there is very small amount of evidence going against this claim. This is because there are many other factors to take into account when behavior is being